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本文利用综合海洋大气资料(COADS)分析了西太平洋赤道地区风场的变化与埃尔尼诺的关系,发现埃尔尼诺发生前该地区纬向风有持续的东风距平,经向上有由赤道吹向高纬的经向风异常,造成了西高东低和赤道低两侧高的海平面分布.而在埃尔尼诺年该地纬向为西风距平,经向有由高纬指向赤道的经向风异常,造成暖水在赤道附近堆积.由此产生的开尔文波是东太平洋海面温度(以下简称海温)变暖的重要原因.特别值得指出的是,在埃尔尼诺年西太平洋赤道地区两次西风距平的峰值,两次由北向南的越赤道气流和两次近赤道台风的高潮对应于东太平洋海温的两个正距平高峰.
In this paper, COADS is used to analyze the relationship between El Niño and the changes of the wind field in the equatorial western Pacific. It is found that the zonal winds in this region have a sustained easterly anomaly before the occurrence of El Niño. The meridional wind anomalies toward the high latitudes at the equator led to the high sea level distribution on the east and west of the low and the low sides of the equator, while in the El Niño westerly anomalies were located at the zonal level, The equatorial meridional wind anomalies, resulting in the accumulation of warm water in the equator. The resulting Kelvin waves is an important reason for the warming of the sea surface temperature in the Eastern Pacific (hereinafter referred to as SST) .It is worth noting that in El Niño Two peaks of the westerly anomalies in the equatorial western Pacific Ocean, two cross-equatorial flows from north to south and two climaxes of the near-equatorial typhoon correspond to two positive anomalous peaks of SST in the eastern Pacific.