基于超薄纳米结构的光催化二氧化碳选择性转化

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21世纪以来,能源短缺和环境污染一直是人类面临的重大挑战?光催化二氧化碳(CO2)还原,通过半导体捕获光能,获得碳氢化合物太阳能燃料是解决能源危机并推动碳循环的有前景的策略之一?然而,活性低?产物选择性差又极大地限制了这一技术的实际应用?因此,调控产物选择性并提高光催化效率、加深对CO2还原反应机理的理解具有重要意义?近年来,超薄材料以其较高的比表面积,丰富的不饱和配位的表面原子,较短的电荷从内部到表面的迁移路径,以及可裁剪的能带结构受到了广泛关注,并在光催化CO2还原领域取得了可喜的成果?本文在总结光催化CO2还原反应机理的基础上,介绍了通过构建异质结构、设计Z型系统、引入助催化剂以及缺陷工程等策略促进超薄纳米结构电子空穴分离和调控其电荷迁移路径的研究成果,并指出了提高光催化CO2还原效率和优化产物选择性的发展前景与挑战.
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