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一、概述气液双相流体可分为单工质和双工质两大类。前者是气液两相都具有相同的化学成分,如水和水蒸汽的混合物;后者是两相各具有不同的化学成分,如空气和水的混合物。通常,把单工质双相流体叫做汽液混合物;把双工质双相流体称为气液混合物。为了简便,在本讲中把二者统称为气液混合物。气液双相流体在许多现代科学技术部门中都可遇到,在相当多的技术领域中还要求测量气液混合物的流量。在讨论这一问题以前,有必要对气液双相流的特性及其有关参数作一简要介绍。
First, an overview of gas-liquid two-phase fluid can be divided into single and double refrigerant two categories. The former is a gas-liquid two-phase with the same chemical composition, such as a mixture of water and steam; the latter is the two phases each with a different chemical composition, such as air and water mixture. In general, a simplex biphase fluid is called a vapor-liquid mixture; a duplex-phase two-phase fluid is called a gas-liquid mixture. For the sake of simplicity, the two are collectively referred to as a gas-liquid mixture in this talk. Gas-liquid two-phase fluids are encountered in many modern science and technology departments and in a considerable number of technical fields it is also required to measure the flow of gas-liquid mixtures. Before discussing this issue, it is necessary to make a brief introduction of the characteristics of gas-liquid two-phase flow and its related parameters.