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在水工建筑工程地质勘测中,为了研究地质构造或弄清区域水文地质和工程地质特征,对岩石的裂隙进行系统的观测,具有极大意义。裂隙在地壳中的分布,极其广泛,观察证明,自然界没有无裂隙的岩石,只有最松散的或被水浸淹的岩石,可能没有裂隙,因为这些岩石中的裂隙,很容易被弥补和充填起来。然而,在不同的岩石成份及不同的构造地区中,裂隙的大小、形态、排列及频率等,亦随之而异。因此,当研究裂隙时,首先得弄清裂隙的成因、方向、发育程度及其裂隙的充填情况和充填物的性质等问题,为此,就必须在野外进行详细的裂隙测量。
In the hydraulic engineering geological survey, in order to study the geological structure or clarify the regional hydrogeological and engineering geological features, the systematic observation of the rock fracture is of great significance. The distribution of fissures in the earth’s crust is extremely extensive. It has been observed that there is no fissure-free rock in nature. Only the most loose or submerged rocks may have no fissures because the fissures in these rocks are easily compensated and filled . However, in different rock compositions and different tectonic areas, the size, shape, arrangement and frequency of fractures also vary. Therefore, when studying fissures, we must first understand the causes of fissures, the direction, degree of development and the filling of fissures and the nature of fills. Therefore, detailed fissure measurements must be conducted in the field.