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品味高雅和收入高的人们总要谴责粗俗的奢侈行为,经济学家们是支持这种谴责的,而我也要为此略尽绵薄之力。富兰克林·费希尔(Franklin Fisher)、齐夫·格瑞利奇(Zvi Griliches)、以及卡尔·凯森(Carl Kaysen)在一篇将会受到广泛重视的文章中指出,如果消费者能满足于使用1949年出产的汽车,到1961年,他们就能为每辆汽车节省700多美元。严格说来,这三位经济学家提出的是这样一个问题,即,是否值得为更快的速度和更自动化的传动装置付出成本,但是1949年的汽车毕竟不是不能使用,并且也能遮风挡雨。或许最好是将每年用于改进汽车型号的50亿美元改为它用,如增加教育经费、提高农产品补贴、给每家一把小提琴、等等。这三位经济学家选择汽车业为例来阐明自己的观点,虽然具有随意性,但是却很合乎道理,因为社会上对于过多地进行汽车实验已有很多议论,而且汽车业是个大产业,其生产的突出特点是每年都变更产品的型号。当然其它各个部门,甚至公共教育和卫生部门,也都在进行真假相混的各
Tasteful and high-paid people have always blamed vulgar luxury, economists have supported this condemnation, and I have to do something about it. Franklin Fisher, Zvi Griliches, and Carl Kaysen point out in a widely-read article that if consumers can be content with Using cars made in 1949, they could save more than $ 700 per car by 1961. Strictly speaking, the three economists raised the question of whether it is worth the cost for a faster speed and a more automated transmission, but the 1949 car is not unusable after all, and can windshield rain. Perhaps it is best to change the annual amount of 5 billion U.S. dollars used to improve the car model to other uses, such as increasing funding for education, raising farm subsidies, giving each one a violin, and so on. The three economists who chose the auto industry as an example to clarify their point of view, although random, are justified because there has been a lot of talk in the community about how to carry out an automobile experiment and the automobile industry is a big industry. The salient feature of its production is the annual change of product models. Of course, all other departments and even public education and health departments are also carrying out the