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农村基层卫生服务研究反映的是农村最基本的卫生服务状况,包括门诊与住院、妇幼保健与计划免疫以及地方病防治等。本文通过安徽、江西与江苏三省六县的研究表明:门诊与住院服务都受到当地医疗保健制度的影响,常见的门诊与住院病种是呼吸道疾病与消化道疾病,已婚育龄妇女节育率平均为94.2％,女性结扎率在三省有差别,儿童计划免疫覆盖率平均为84.7％,医疗保健制度与父母受教育程度是计划免疫的主要影响因素,血吸虫病防治已取得了巨大的成绩,居民感染率大幅度下降,已基本达到了控制的目标。研究结果还表明:医疗保健制度对基层卫生服务的影响较大,因此加强农村医疗保健制度的研究应是当前农村卫生工作的重点之一。
The basic health service research in rural areas reflects the basic health services in rural areas, including outpatient and inpatient care, maternal and child health care and planned immunization, and endemic disease control. This study shows that outpatient and inpatient services in Anhui, Jiangxi and Jiangsu provinces are affected by the local health care system. Common outpatient and inpatient diseases are respiratory and digestive diseases. The average fertility rate among married women of childbearing age is 94.2%, the rate of female ties was different in the three provinces, and the average coverage rate of children’s immunization coverage was 84.7%. The health care system and parental education level were the main influencing factors of planned immunization, and schistosomiasis control had achieved great results. The sharp decline has basically reached the goal of control. The research results also show that the health care system has a greater impact on grassroots health services. Therefore, strengthening rural health care system research should be one of the focuses of current rural health work.