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氯仿临床曾用作麻醉剂,常因吸入过度引起中毒而被淘汰。现工业上主要用作有机溶剂。有关氯仿的毒性问题,国内外均有报道。大剂量的氯仿,主要引起中枢神经系统抑制作用,并可造成肝肾损害及肿瘤。研究者们认为氯仿是肯定的动物致癌物,潜在的人类致癌物。由于肝脏是主要的代谢器官,故本文仅就氯仿所致的肝脏毒性加以讨论。氯仿为无色透明易挥发的液体,分子量为113.39,比重为1.484。氯仿主要经呼吸道进入体内,可分布全身器官。被吸入的氯仿大部分以原型从肺内排出,少量在肝内代谢为二氯
Chloroform clinically used as an anesthetic, often caused by excessive inhalation poisoning has been eliminated. The industry is mainly used as organic solvents. The toxicity of chloroform, both at home and abroad have been reported. Large doses of chloroform, the main cause of central nervous system depression, and can cause liver and kidney damage and cancer. Researchers believe that chloroform is a positive animal carcinogen, a potential human carcinogen. Since the liver is the major metabolic organ, this article only discusses the toxicity of chloroform induced liver toxicity. Chloroform is a colorless, transparent and volatile liquid with a molecular weight of 113.39 and a specific gravity of 1.484. Chloroform mainly by the respiratory tract into the body, can be distributed throughout the body organs. The majority of inhaled chloroform is excreted from the lungs as a prototype and a small amount is metabolized to dichloro in the liver