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目的掌握沙门菌在腹泻病例中的感染率、沙门菌菌型种类及分布特征、药物耐药特征。方法确定监测病例定义及监测点,监测就诊和腹泻病暴发疫情中腹泻病例的沙门菌血清型别,并进行PFGE和耐药实验。结果2007年重庆市腹泻病例中沙门菌的感染率为8.74%,发现10个血清型的沙门菌,主要以汤普逊和鼠伤寒为主,秋季是发病高峰。沙门菌导致了10起腹泻病暴发,发生地点主要在居民家中或社区聚餐,鼠伤寒沙门菌是主要的致病菌,皮蛋是主要的危险食物。5种血清型的87株沙门菌做PFGE分析,鼠伤寒与汤卜逊沙门菌分别有3个基因型,婴儿、B群只有1种基因型。10个血清型的沙门菌分别对7种抗菌素出现耐药。结论沙门菌是导致腹泻疫情的主要致病菌之一,加强皮蛋的监测是降低发病的重要干预措施之一。
Objective To understand the infection rate of Salmonella in diarrhea cases, the types and distribution of Salmonella, drug resistance characteristics. Methods To determine the surveillance case definition and monitoring points, to monitor the Salmonella serotypes of patients with diarrhea in outpatients and outbreaks of diarrhea, and to conduct PFGE and drug resistance experiments. Results In 2007, the infection rate of Salmonella in Chongqing was 8.74%. Ten serotypes of Salmonella were found mainly in Thompson and Typhimurium, and the highest in autumn. Salmonella has led to 10 outbreaks of diarrheal disease, occurring mainly at home or in community settings. Salmonella typhimurium is the major causative agent and preserved eggs are the main risk food. There were 3 genotypes in Salmonella typhimurium and Salmonella tybus respectively in 87 Salmonella strains of 5 serotypes, and only 1 genotype in infants. Salmonella ten serotypes were resistant to seven antibiotics. Conclusion Salmonella is one of the major pathogenic bacteria that cause diarrhea. Strengthening the monitoring of preserved eggs is one of the important interventions to reduce the incidence of the disease.