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焊接变形的大小不只由焊接过程所造成,而且在很大程度上决定于装配过程。焊接工件最后的形状差异,往往主要是由不合理的备料和装配造成的。如果在装配过程中充分估計焊后的变形并加以控制,那么,焊接变形将会大大减少,甚至可以消除。对于某一工件(焊接結构)在焊接以后变形的大小和方向,首先要研究焊缝对重心的位置以及焊缝的数量和大小。現在我們先来研究一下几个工件的变形方向。
The size of the welding deformation is not only caused by the welding process, but also largely depends on the assembly process. The final shape difference of welded parts is often caused mainly by unreasonable material preparation and assembly. If the assembly process to fully estimate the deformation after welding and to control, then the welding deformation will be greatly reduced, or even eliminated. For a workpiece (welded structure) after welding the size and direction of deformation, we must first study the position of the weld center of gravity and the number and size of the weld. Now let’s study the deformation direction of several workpieces.