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法华信仰是大乘佛教最主要的信仰内容之一。炳灵寺自西秦时即已出现诸多表现法华信仰的壁画内容,至北魏晚期时法华洞窟大量涌现,而其中尤以第126号曹子元窟的法华体系最为完备。本文从造像组合、布局及洞窟形制等诸方面入手,层层论述了该窟内二佛、三佛、七佛、千佛等造像组合所揭示的法华信仰题材,并由此分析了此窟所反映出的炳灵寺北魏佛教特征。指出此窟是在法华信仰推动下,以供养人造像功德为诱因,禅僧进行法华三昧观法观像禅修为功用,僧俗共同祈求往生西方弥陀净土为目的而开凿的典型禅窟。
Fahua Faith is one of the most important beliefs in Mahayana Buddhism. Bingling Temple Since the West Qin Dynasty, there have been many frescoes showing the Fahua belief, and the large number of Fahua Caves appeared in the late Northern Wei Dynasty. Among them, the Fahua System of No. 126 Caoziyuan Cave was the most complete. This article starts from the combination of statues, the layout and the cave shape and so on, and discusses the Fahua belief theme revealed by the combination of statues of two Buddhas, three Buddhas, Seven Buddhas, Reflected the Bingling Temple Northern Wei Buddhist features. It is pointed out that under the Fahua Faith, this cave is a typical Zen cave excavated for the purpose of supporting human statues merit, Buddhist monk performing the Buddhist meditation practice of Samantabhadra Samadhi, praying for monks and peasants to jointly beg the Pure Land for the West.