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跨国专利合作对于我国企业的技术创新具有重要意义。整合不同接近性因素来观察空间分散个体间的知识流动现象成为理论研究的新热点。既有研究分别探讨了地理接近性和社会接近性对远距离技术知识合作的影响,然而对二者的相互作用关系尚缺乏深入认识。基于112家中外企业的跨国专利合作数据,采用整体网络分析方法,研究发现地理接近性与跨国专利合作网络节点连接距离正相关,对连接重要程度无显著影响,说明地理空间并没有显著阻碍企业间的跨国专利合作。社会接近性对二者均有显著正向影响且对地理接近性与连接距离的相互关系具有中介作用,表明基于科技人员往来形成的密切社会关系有助于促进远距离技术知识合作。
Cross-border patent cooperation for the technological innovation of our enterprises is of great significance. The integration of different proximity factors to observe the spatial distribution of knowledge flows between individuals becomes a new focus of theoretical research. The existing studies respectively discuss the influence of geographical proximity and social proximity on long-distance technical knowledge cooperation, however, the interaction between them is still lack of understanding. Based on the cooperation data of 112 Chinese and foreign enterprises in transnational patent, using the overall network analysis method, it is found that geographical proximity is positively correlated with the connection distance of multinational patent cooperation network and has no significant influence on the importance of connection, indicating that geographical space does not significantly impede the inter- Cross-border patent cooperation. Social proximity has a significant positive impact on both and has an intermediary role in the relationship between geographical proximity and connection distance, indicating that close social relations based on the interaction of scientists and technicians can help to promote knowledge cooperation over long distance technology.