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目的摸清驻山东省部队营区及其周围恙螨宿主及其体表恙螨的种类、优势种群,为预防恙虫病提供科学依据。方法选取驻山东省部队营区及周围作为调查点,收集啮齿动物耳壳和耳窝全部恙螨,用Hoyer’s液封片后在显微镜下观察并进行分类鉴定。结果于1990-2010年在驻山东省17个地(市)区的部队营区共捕获啮齿动物937只,经鉴定分为2目,其中啮齿目有3科5属9种,食虫目仅1种;褐家鼠(55.60%)为优势种,黑线姬鼠的带恙螨指数(15.90)最高,带螨虫种类(9种)最多。收集并检出恙螨8917只,经鉴定隶属7属16种,脆弱瓦甲恙螨分布于所调查各营区且为优势螨种(37.24%),纤恙螨属共检测出7种恙螨,占全部恙螨种类的43.75%。结论驻山东省部队营区及其周围恙螨宿主种类较多,做好灭鼠工作是预防恙虫病的重要措施。
Objective To find out the species and dominant populations of chigger mites and their surface chigger mites in camps and their surrounding areas in Shandong Province and provide a scientific basis for the prevention of scrub typhus. Methods The military camps and surrounding areas in Shandong Province were selected as the investigation points to collect all the chigger mites of rodent concha and ear, which were observed and classified under the microscope with Hoyer’s liquid seal. Results A total of 937 rodents were captured in the army camps in 17 prefectures and cities of Shandong Province during 1990-2010. The rodents were divided into 2 orders, of which 9 were 3 families, 5 genera and 9 rodents. Rattus norvegicus (55.60%) was dominant species. Apodemus agrarius had the highest chloralkod mite index (15.90) with the largest number of species of mites (9 species). A total of 8917 chigger mites were collected and identified, belonging to 7 genera and 16 species. Vibrio cholerae were found in the investigated camps and were the dominant species of mite (37.24%). Seven species of chigger mites were detected, Accounting for 43.75% of all chigger species. Conclusion There are more host species of chigger mites in camps and their surrounding areas in Shandong Province. It is an important measure to prevent scrub typhus by doing a good job of rodent control.