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马根济是中国近代医学史和天津地方史上具有重要影响的医学传教士,虽然目前对其已有一些相关的论述,但还存在着一些相互矛盾、似是而非之处。实际上,马根济创设的施医院是一个性质未明、中外合作的慈善机构,流行的所谓中国最早的公立医院的说法并不确切。而与施医院不同,医学堂当为中国最早的官办医学教育机构。马根济的成功,既与他成功医治李鸿章夫人之病这一偶然事件相关,同时也是其传教需要与中国慈善传统、西医影响日增、中国追求富国强兵等多重因素共同作用的结果。马根济虽然在创办近代医疗事业上获得了成功,但在其念兹在兹的传播福音方面,却远未取得他所预期的效果。
Ma Genji is a medical missionary who has a significant influence on the history of modern Chinese medicine and the local history of Tianjin. Although there are some related expositions to date, there are still some contradictory and plausible paradoxes. In fact, the establishment of a hospital by Magang Ji is a charity whose essence is unknown and is a Sino-foreign cooperative charity. The so-called popular earliest known public hospital in China is not exactly correct. Unlike hospitals, Medical School is the earliest official medical education institution in China. The success of Maguchin is not only related to his accidental success in the cure of Mrs. Li Hung-chang’s disease, but also is the combined effect of his missionary needs and the charitable tradition of China, increasing influence of Western medicine and China’s pursuit of a rich and powerful army. Although he was successful in establishing modern medical undertakings, he was far from achieving the desired results in his preaching of the gospel.