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几何学是研究物体的形态,大小以及它们相互之间的位置关系的科学。相传四千年前,由于尼罗河的泛滥需要经常测量土地,测地学随之产生。这种传说有一定的可靠性,因为我们现在使用的“几何学”一词便是西方的“测地学”译过来的。在很长的时间内,人类对几何知识是建立在实验性的基本事实上的,是感性的,我们称这一段时期的几何学为实验几何学。后来泰勒斯,毕达哥拉斯,柏拉图等人逐渐将它向理论方面发展。特别是公元前三世纪欧几里得用逻辑的链子由不多的定义、公理、公
Geometry is the science of studying the shape and size of objects and their positional relationship with each other. According to legend, four thousand years ago, geodetic science was born as the flooding of the Nile required regular land surveys. This legend has a certain degree of reliability, because the term “geometry” we are currently using is translated from the “geometrics” of the West. For a long time, the human knowledge of geometry is based on experimental basic facts and is sensible. We call this period of time geometry as experimental geometry. Later Thales, Pythagoras, Plato and others gradually developed it to the theoretical aspect. Especially in the third century BC, Euclidean used logical chains to define, axiomatic, and public