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目的了解云龙区小学生近视状况及影响因素,为开展健康教育及制定切实可行的视力防治措施提供参考依据。方法采取整群抽样方法,抽取2013年云龙区25 030小学生检测视力,使用标准对数视力表,检查学生裸眼视力,凡裸眼视力≥5.0者为正常视力,<5.0定为视力不良,有一只眼视力不良记为1个视力不良人数。结果 2013年云龙区小学生视力不良率为45.67%。一年级到六年级,学生视力不良率分别为29.05%、31.25%、40.09%、53.56%、62.52%、68.11%,各年级学生视力不良率随着年级的增长呈增长趋势;男生视力不良率43.31%,女生视力不良率48.33%,女生视力不良率高于男生;城区小学生视力不良率47.50%,农村小学生视力不良率33.37%,城区小学生视力不良率高于农村。结论云龙区小学生视力状况不容乐观,影响因素涉及城、乡地区、性别、年龄等,应切实采取相应的措施,控制小学生视力不良的发生率。
Objective To understand the status and influencing factors of pupils’ myopia in Yunlong District and to provide reference for developing health education and developing practical measures of preventing and treating vision problems. Methods A cluster sampling method was adopted to detect visual acuity of 25 030 primary school students in Yunlong District in 2013. The standard logarithmic visual acuity chart was used to check the students’ uncorrected visual acuity. All patients with visual acuity ≥5.0 had normal visual acuity. Poor eyesight was recorded as a poor eye sight. Results The rate of poor eyesight among primary school students in Yunlong district in 2013 was 45.67%. The grades of students with poor visual acuity were 29.05%, 31.25%, 40.09%, 53.56%, 62.52% and 68.11% respectively in the first grade to the sixth grade. The rate of poor eyesight of students of all grades showed an increasing trend with the increase of grades. The rate of poor eyesight of boys was 43.31 The rate of poor eyesight in girls was 48.33%. The rate of poor eyesight in girls was higher than that in boys. The rate of poor eyesight in urban pupils was 47.50%. The rate of poor eyesight in rural pupils was 33.37%. The rate of poor eyesight in urban pupils was higher than that in rural areas. Conclusion The primary school students’ eyesight in Yunlong District is not optimistic. The influencing factors include the urban and rural areas, sex, age and so on. Therefore, appropriate measures should be taken to control the incidence of poor eyesight among primary school students.