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研究了抽油机塔架模型建立时塔架、底座、水泥基础等的处理方法;着重探讨了地基土力学特性和基础形状对抽油机晃动的影响,提出了建立模型时地基土与水泥基础的关系以及注意事项,为建立塔架等同类零件的有限元分析模型提供了理论指导;利用ANSYS 12.1软件平台,提出了将地基土抗压特性简化为弹性杆抗压特性的等效分析模型,分析了塔架在不同地基情况下的应力和位移。测试结果表明:各主腿测试结果与有限元分析结果规律基本一致,主腿有限元分析结果稍大于测试结果,原因是有限元分析建模时忽略了加强筋等细节结构,弹性地基土模型可靠。在弹性地基模型基础上,研究了不同风载和偏载等情况下的应力和位移,根据应力应变云图得出塔架最大应力应变点在顶部,由底座危险节点位移情况表明地基土一直处于受压状态,抽油机稳定。本文研究对抽油机塔架设计、水泥基础以及安装中地基土预处理提出了合理建议,为获取性价比较高的塔架设计方案提供了理论依据。
The treatment methods of tower, foundation and cement foundation are studied when the model of pumping tower is established. The influence of foundation soil mechanical properties and foundation shape on pumping unit swaying is discussed. The foundation soil and cement foundation And provides the theoretical guidance for the establishment of finite element analysis model of tower and other similar parts. By using ANSYS 12.1 software platform, an equivalent analysis model is proposed to reduce the compressive behavior of the foundation soil to the compression characteristics of the elastic rod. The stress and displacement of the tower under different ground conditions are analyzed. The test results show that the test results of the main legs are basically the same as those of the finite element analysis. The result of the finite element analysis of the main leg is slightly larger than the test results. The reason is that the finite element analysis omits the details such as stiffeners and the soil model of the elastic foundation is reliable . Based on the elastic foundation model, the stress and displacement under different wind loads and partial loads are studied. According to the stress-strain cloud, the maximum stress-strain point of the tower is found at the top. The displacement of dangerous nodes in the foundation indicates that the foundation soil is always under Pressure state, the pumping unit is stable. This paper puts forward reasonable suggestions on the tower design of pumping unit, the foundation of cement and pretreatment of foundation soil in installation, which provides a theoretical basis for the design of tower with high cost performance.