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目的了解平顶山市医疗机构传染病报告现状、找出影响传染病报告工作质量的因素,为制定干预措施、提高传染病报告质量提供依据。方法采用随机抽样方法,对抽中的医疗机构传染病报告质量进行调查、对医务人员和网络直报人员进行现场问卷调查,运用多因素分析方法评估传染病报告质量及其影响因素。结果共调查医疗机构82家,调查医务人员118人,网络直报员34人。查出传染病699例,漏报77例,迟报16例,漏报率最低为0,最高为26.67%,平均为11.02%,迟报率最低为0,最高为9.09%,平均为2.57%。卡片完整率、准确率和一致率分别为86.70%、90.89%和85.97%。不同学历(χ2=7.5,P=0.041)、专业(χ2=8.095,P=0.031)、所在医院级别(χ2=13.822,P=0.003)、医院分级(χ2=8.203,P=0.015)和地区(χ2=26.07,P<0.001)是影响医务人员传染病报告知识掌握情况的因素。是否接受过督导(OR=0.043)、参加培训次数(OR=0.535)、传染病知识的掌握情况(OR=0.938)是影响传染病报告质量的主要因素。结论平顶山市传染病报卡质量不高,地区差异较大,通过改善人员结构、转变培训方式、强化督导、落实责任等方式可进一步提高报告质量。同时应以建设医院信息化为契机,创新传染病疫情报告模式,以达到减少传染病病例漏报、提高报告及时性和报告质量的目的。
Objective To understand the current status of infectious disease reporting in medical institutions in Pingdingshan and to find out the factors influencing the quality of infectious disease reporting so as to provide the basis for making interventions and improving the quality of infectious disease reporting. Methods A random sampling method was used to investigate the quality of infectious disease reporting in medical institutions. The questionnaires were conducted on medical staffs and network direct personnel, and the quality of infectious disease reporting and its influencing factors were evaluated by multivariate analysis. Results A total of 82 medical institutions were investigated, 118 medical personnel were investigated, and 34 were network members. Infectious diseases were detected in 699 cases, 77 cases were missed, 16 cases were late reported, the lowest reported false negatives were 0, the highest false negatives were 26.67%, the average was 11.02%, the lowest reported false negatives was 0, the highest was 9.09% and the average was 2.57% . Card completeness, accuracy and consistency were 86.70%, 90.89% and 85.97% respectively. (Χ2 = 8.095, P = 0.031), hospital grade (χ2 = 13.822, P = 0.003), hospital grade (χ2 = 8.203, P = 0.015) and district χ2 = 26.07, P <0.001) is a factor affecting the knowledge of the medical staff in the reporting of infectious diseases. (OR = 0.043), training times (OR = 0.535), knowledge of infectious diseases (OR = 0.938) was the main factor influencing the quality of the infectious disease report. Conclusion The quality of newspaper in Pingdingshan is not high and there are many differences in areas. The report quality can be further improved by improving the staffing structure, changing the training methods, strengthening supervision and implementing the responsibilities. At the same time, we should take the opportunity of building hospital informatization to innovate the epidemic reporting mode of infectious diseases in order to reduce the omission of cases of infectious diseases and improve the timeliness of reporting and the quality of reporting.