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目的探寻输血患者不规则抗体的分布规律,分析疑难配血原因。方法回顾本院输血科自2013年7月-2015年6月住院拟输血患者不规则抗体情况,分析交叉配血中疑难配血的原因。结果在11 008例患者的不规则抗体筛查样本中阳性有208例,阳性率为1.89%。208例阳性样本检出特异性抗体占84.13%(175/208)、温自身抗体占6.73%(14/208)、冷凝集素占8.17%(17/208),其他占2.40%(5/208);5 944例交叉配血中疑难配血241例,占4.05%,其中患者存在特异性抗体占70.95%(171/241)、疑难血型占3.32%(8/241)、温自身抗体占5.81%(14/241)、冷凝集素占7.05%(17/241)、直抗阳性者占7.88%(19/241),献血者原因有含不规则抗体占1.66%(4/241)和样辫血抗凝不佳占0.41%(1/241)。结论输血前对患者进行不规则抗体筛查和鉴定,可预先了解患者体内血型抗体产生情况,同时也应注意疑难配血个体化原因的探寻。
Objective To investigate the distribution of irregular antibodies in patients with blood transfusion and to analyze the causes of difficult blood distribution. Methods The retrospective analysis of irregular antibodies in hospitalized blood transfusion patients from July 2013 to June 2015 in our department of blood transfusion was conducted to analyze the causes of difficult blood distribution in cross-matching blood. Results Of the 11 008 patients with irregular antibody screening samples positive 208 cases, the positive rate was 1.89%. 208 positive samples detected specific antibodies accounted for 84.13% (175/208), warm autoantibodies accounted for 6.73% (14/208), cold lectin accounted for 8.17% (17/208), others accounted for 2.40% (5/208 ). There were 241 cases (4.05%) with difficult blood distribution in 5 944 patients with cross-matching blood, of which 70.95% (171/241) had specific antibody, 3.32% (8/241) had difficult blood type and 5.81 % (14/241), cold agglutinin accounted for 7.05% (17/241), direct anti-positive accounted for 7.88% (19/241), blood donors were irregular antibodies accounted for 1.66% (4/241) and Poor braided blood anticoagulation accounted for 0.41% (1/241). Conclusion Irregular antibody screening and identification of patients before transfusion can be pre-understanding of the patient’s blood group antibody production situation, but also should pay attention to the difficulty of blood individualized exploration.