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在AOT/正庚烷/氯金酸反相微乳液中,用水合肼作为还原剂制备了纳米金粒子,用紫外-可见光谱和透射电镜进行分析,系统地研究了水和表面活性剂摩尔比(ω=nH2O/nAOT)以及氯金酸浓度对粒径的影响。结果表明,制备的纳米金粒子粒径在4～12nm、单分散性好。纳米金粒径与ω值存在线性关系。氯金酸的浓度对粒径的影响比较复杂,随着浓度增大,粒径先减小后增大。用FT-IR红外光谱解释了AOT的磺酸基对纳米金粒子表面有强烈的吸附作用,从而对合成的纳米金粒子有着很强的保护作用。
In the AOT / n-heptane / chloroauric acid reverse microemulsion, gold nanoparticles were prepared by using hydrazine hydrate as a reducing agent. The UV-vis spectra and transmission electron microscopy were used to analyze the molar ratio of water to surfactant (ω = nH2O / nAOT) and the concentration of chloroauric acid on the particle size. The results show that the prepared gold nanoparticles have a particle size of 4 ~ 12nm with good monodispersity. There is a linear relationship between the gold particle size and ω value. The effect of the concentration of chloroauric acid on the particle size is more complicated. With the increase of the concentration, the particle size first decreases and then increases. The FT-IR spectra showed that the sulfonate group of AOT had a strong adsorption on the surface of gold nanoparticles and thus had a strong protective effect on the gold nanoparticles synthesized.