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不少研究表明,水稻品种间杂种一代优势是普遍存在的。优势强弱,因性状而异,同一性状则因不同的组合而不同。然而,粳稻品种间杂种一代究竟有多大的优势,能否在早期根据F_1的一些主要性状的表现来判断粳稻杂交组合的优劣,从而重点研究较有希望的组合,以便尽快地选育出符合育种目标的新品种呢?又能否根据双亲的表现预测粳稻F_1各主要性状可能出现的范围,而为今后选配杂交组合提供一些理论参考呢?为弄清这些问题,特配置一批粳稻杂交组合,用以研究粳稻品种间杂种一代优势。 材料和方法 于79年,选用长元19、金蕾四四○、万世大粒、意大利一号、藤稔、恢57-2-5、大方红谷、戈斯提玛、非洲陆稻等29个粳稻品种,配置杂交组合26个。80年3月18日播种,5月9日移栽。田间设计采用一行母本、一行杂种、一行父本的简单对比法,每
Many researches show that the hybrid generation superiority among rice varieties is ubiquitous. Strengths and weakness vary, depending on the trait, the same trait is different due to different combinations. However, what is the superiority of hybrids among japonica cultivars, and whether the combination of japonica hybrids can be judged according to the performance of some major traits of F_1 at early stage so as to study more promising combinations so as to breed accordantly as soon as possible Breeding objectives of the new breed it? And whether parents can predict the performance of each of the main F01 indications of the possible range, and for future hybrid combinations provide some theoretical reference? To clarify these issues, configure a number of special arrangements of japonica hybrids To study the heterosis among japonica varieties. Materials and Methods In 1979, 29 varieties of Changyuan 19, Jinlei 4 40, Wan Shi Da Li, Italian No.1, Fujiminori, Hui 57-2-5, Generous Red Valley, Gostima, and Upland Rice were selected Japonica varieties, hybrid arrangement configuration 26. March 18, 1980 sowing, May 9 transplanting. Field design using a line of his mother, a line of hybrids, his father’s simple comparison method, each