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AIM To explore factors associated with persistent hepatitis B virus(HBV) infection in a cohort of hepatocellular carcinoma(HCC)-affected families and then investigate factors that correlate with individual viral load among hepatitis B surface antigen(HBsA g)-positive relatives. METHODS We evaluated non-genetic factors associated with HBV replication in relatives of patients with HCC. Relatives of 355 HCC cases were interviewed using a structuredquestionnaire. Demographics, relationship to index case, HBs Ag status of mothers and index cases were evaluated for association with the HBV persistent infection or viral load by generalized estimating equation analysis. RESULTS Among 729 relatives enrolled, parent generation(P = 0.0076), index generation(P = 0.0044), mothers positive for HBs Ag(P = 0.0007), and HBs Ag-positive index cases(P = 5.98 × 10-8) were associated with persistent HBV infection. Factors associated with HBV viral load were evaluated among 303 HBs Ag-positive relatives. Parent generation(P = 0.0359) and sex(P = 0.0007) were independent factors associated with HBV viral load. The intra-family HBV viral load was evaluated in families clustered with HBs Ag-positive siblings. An intra-family trend of similar HBV viral load was found for 27 of 46(58.7%) families. Male offspring of HBsA gpositive mothers(P = 0.024) and older siblings were associated with high viral load.CONCLUSION Sex and generation play important roles on HBV viral load. Maternal birth age and nutritional changes could be the reasons of viral load difference between generations.
AIM To exploring factors associated with persistent hepatitis B virus (HBV) infection in a cohort of hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) -affected families and then investigate factors that correlate with individual viral load among hepatitis B surface antigen (HBsA g) -positive relatives. METHODS We evaluated non-genetic factors associated with HBV replication in relatives of patients with HCC. Relatives of 355 HCC cases were interviewed using a structuredquestionnaire. Demographics, relationship to index case, HBs Ag status of mothers and index cases were evaluated for association with the HBV persistent attribution or viral load by generalized estimating equation analysis. RESULTS Among 729 relatives enrolled, parent generation (P = 0.0076), index generation (P = 0.0044), mothers positive for HBs Ag Factors associated with HBV viral load were among 303 HBs Ag-positive relatives. P (P = 5.98 × 10-8) were associated with persistent HBV infection. were independent generation associated with HBV viral load. The intra-family HBV viral load was evaluated in families clustered with HBs Ag-positive siblings. An intra-family trend of similar HBV Male offspring of HBsA gpositive mothers (P = 0.024) and older siblings were associated with high viral load. CONCLUSION Sex and generation play important roles on HBV viral load. Maternal birth age and nutritional changes could be the reasons of viral load difference between generations.