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目的探讨糖尿病合并肺结核的病例特点、治疗方案及预后。方法选取本院结核内科确诊为糖尿病合并肺结核的60例患者为研究组,同时选取单纯肺结核患者60例为对照组,对患者治疗前后的肺部病灶、空洞吸收、血糖等情况进行对比分析。结果研究组空洞的发生率明显高于对照组,治疗2个月和6个月后,研究组的痰菌阴转率明显低于对照组,且研究组的病灶吸收情况也明显低于对照组,差异有统计学意义(P<0.05);研究组中血糖控制良好的患者痰菌转阴率和空洞吸收率较血糖控制不良的患者明显增高,差异均有统计学意义(P<0.05)。结论糖尿病合并肺结核时,两者互为影响,高血糖状态是影响肺结核病灶好转的重要原因,积极控制好血糖是治疗糖尿病合并肺结核的关键。
Objective To investigate the characteristics of cases with diabetes mellitus complicated with pulmonary tuberculosis, treatment regimens and prognosis. Methods Sixty patients with tuberculosis diagnosed as diabetes mellitus and tuberculosis in our hospital were selected as the study group. Sixty patients with simple tuberculosis were selected as the control group. The lung lesions, cavity absorption and blood glucose before and after treatment were compared and analyzed. Results The incidence of cavity was significantly higher in the study group than in the control group. After 2 months and 6 months of treatment, the sputum negative conversion rate in the study group was significantly lower than that in the control group, and the lesion absorption in the study group was also significantly lower than that in the control group (P <0.05). The patients with good glycemic control in the study group had significantly higher sputum negative rate and void absorptivity than those with poor glycemic control, the differences were statistically significant (P <0.05). Conclusions Diabetes mellitus and pulmonary tuberculosis affect each other. The condition of hyperglycemia is an important factor affecting the improvement of pulmonary tuberculosis. To control the blood sugar positively is the key to the treatment of diabetes complicated with pulmonary tuberculosis.