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松果体肿瘤及其有关的蝶窦上生殖细胞瘤是一组罕见的肿瘤,这些肿瘤位于第三脑室的深部,要取得这些肿瘤的活检是危险的。因此接受放疗的病人常无组织学诊断。松果体瘤的生物学行为可变,其播散方式与其组织学类型有关。生殖细胞瘤占这些肿瘤的50%以上,其组织学特点和高度的放射敏感性与精原细胞瘤相似,这些肿瘤常经脑室系统播散。有时转移到脑、蛛网膜下腔。松果体母细胞瘤是一种分化差的松果体实质细胞瘤,也常经脑脊液种植到中枢神经系统。除此之外还包括畸胎瘤和松果体细胞瘤(分化好的松果体母细胞瘤)以及胶质瘤。这些肿瘤的播散方式常多种多样。
Pineal tumors and their associated sphenoid germ cell tumors are a rare group of tumors that are located deep in the third ventricle and are in danger of obtaining biopsies of these tumors. Therefore, patients receiving radiotherapy often have no histological diagnosis. The biological behavior of pineal tumor is variable, and the mode of its dissemination is related to its histological type. Germ cell tumors account for more than 50% of these tumors. Their histological features and high radiosensitivity are similar to those of seminoma, which are often disseminated through the ventricular system. Sometimes transferred to the brain, subarachnoid space. Pinealoblastoma is a poorly differentiated pineal parenchymal tumor, which is also often implanted into the central nervous system by cerebrospinal fluid. In addition, teratomas and pineal cell tumors (well-differentiated pinealoblastomas) and gliomas are included. The spread of these tumors often varied.