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目的为城市园林树木、小区绿化、公园等白蚁防治工作提供理论基础和实践指导。方法抽样调查常德市41家园林苗圃基地以及5个公园的53个树种5 893株树木。结果 54.7%的调查树种发现白蚁危害,调查树木总白蚁危害率为24.4%,82.9%的园林苗圃基地、80%的公园树木均遭受到了不同程度的白蚁危害。白蚁危害率较高的树种为香樟(76.9%)、大叶樟(64.1%)、油茶树(53.8%)、桂花(39.7%)。园林苗圃树木主要白蚁危害种类为黑翅土白蚁,其次为黄翅大白蚁和台湾乳白蚁。结论园林苗圃白蚁危害具有普遍性,树龄越大危害率越高。深入分析园林树木易受白蚁危害的原因,对园林树木白蚁危害的综合治理提出了建议。
Objective To provide theoretical basis and practical guidance for urban garden trees, residential afforestation and park termite control. Methods Sampling surveyed 41 garden nursery bases in Changde city and 5 893 trees of 53 tree species in 5 parks. Results The termite damage was found in 54.7% of the investigated species. The total termite damage rate was 24.4%. 82.9% of the garden nursery bases and 80% of the park trees were harmed by termites to varying degrees. The species with higher termite infestation rate were camphora (76.9%), Campanulaceae (64.1%), Camellia oleifera (53.8%) and Osmanthus fragrans (39.7%). The main species of termites in tree nurseries were black-winged termites, followed by yellow-winged termites and milky-termites. Conclusion Garden nursery termite damage is universal, the higher the age, the higher the hazard rate. In-depth analysis of the reasons that garden trees are vulnerable to termites, and put forward suggestions on the comprehensive management of termites in garden trees.