论文部分内容阅读
目的了解试点地区育龄妇女健康素养水平,为制定卫生政策和干预方法、提高育龄妇女健康素养提供依据。方法采用分层随机抽样方法,于2015年8—10月抽取全国25个试点地区年龄为16~49周岁的6 348名育龄妇女进行健康素养调查。结果试点地区育龄妇女健康素养总体具备率为15.60%,健康知识和理念、健康生活方式与行为、健康技能素养具备率分别为47.54%、8.66%、12.85%。城市育龄妇女健康素养具备率为16.64%,高于农村的13.77%(χ~2=9.17,P=0.002 5);不同家庭月均纯收入育龄妇女健康素养水平不同,5 000元~组育龄妇女健康素养具备率最高,为23.42%(χ~2=187.99,P<0.000 1);处于最佳生育年龄的育龄妇女健康素养具备率为17.35%,高于非处于最佳生育年龄的14.08%(χ~2=12.81,P=0.000 3);未生育子女的育龄妇女健康素养具备率为19.42%,高于其他(χ~2=74.71,P<0.000 1);有生育意愿的育龄妇女健康素养具备率为16.70%,高于无生育意愿的14.27%(χ~2=7.08,P=0.008)。结论试点地区育龄妇女健康素养具备率较低,育龄妇女健康素养在城乡、家庭月均纯收入、子女个数、生育意愿等方面存在差异。健康素养3个方面中,健康生活方式与行为水平最低,健康知识和理念水平最高,育龄妇女在健康素养方面缺乏由知识转化为行为的能力。
Objective To understand the level of health literacy of women of childbearing age in pilot areas and provide the basis for formulating health policies and interventions and improving the health literacy of women of childbearing age. Methods By stratified random sampling method, 6 348 women of reproductive age aged 16-49 in 25 pilot areas in China from August to October 2015 were surveyed for health literacy. Results The overall attainment rate of health literacy for women of childbearing age in pilot areas was 15.60%. The attainable rates of health knowledge and philosophy, healthy lifestyles and behaviors, and health skills attainment were 47.54%, 8.66% and 12.85% respectively. The health literacy rate of urban women of childbearing age was 16.64%, higher than 13.77% of rural women (χ ~ 2 = 9.17, P = 0.002 5). The levels of health literacy among different age groups were different, The highest attainable rate of health literacy was 23.42% (χ ~ 2 = 187.99, P <0.0001). The attainment rate of health literacy among the women of childbearing age at the optimal age was 17.35%, which was higher than that of the non-optimal age at 14.08% χ ~ 2 = 12.81, P = 0.0003). The health literacy rate of women of childbearing age who did not have children was 19.42%, higher than that of others (χ ~ 2 = 74.71, P <0.0001) The prevalence rate was 16.70%, higher than 14.27% (χ ~ 2 = 7.08, P = 0.008). Conclusion The health literacy of women of childbearing age in the pilot areas is low, and the health literacy of women of childbearing age in urban and rural areas, the average monthly household income, the number of children and the wishes of childbirth are different. Among the three aspects of health literacy, the ones with the lowest levels of healthy lifestyles and behaviors, the highest levels of health knowledge and ideology, and the women of childbearing age lack the ability to translate knowledge into behaviors in terms of health literacy.