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急倾斜坚硬岩柱稳定性预测对科学采矿具有重要意义。以乌鲁木齐矿区急倾斜特厚煤层安全开采为背景,基于平面组合加载试验平台,构建急倾斜坚硬岩柱动态破裂“声–热”演化特征模型试验,采用岩石破裂声发射和红外热像综合监测方法,揭示开采扰动作用下岩柱破裂过程中的声发射与温度演化规律。研究表明:坚硬岩柱破裂过程中红外热像呈现温度辐射区(可分为低温边界区、中温过渡区和高温中心区);岩柱破裂经历弹性变形、微破裂至破裂失稳过程,该过程中温度辐射区温度逐渐降低,AE能率呈持续性增长;动态破裂“声–热”演化实质为热弹效应和摩擦热效应。这对急倾斜特厚煤层安全开采具有科学意义。
Prediction of the stability of steeply inclined hard rock columns is of great significance to scientific mining. Taking the mining of steeply inclined and extremely thick coal seams in Urumqi mining area as the background, this paper constructs the evolution model test of the dynamic fracture “acoustic - thermal ” of steeply inclined rigid rock columns based on the plane combination loading test platform. The rock burst acoustic emission and infrared thermal image synthesis Monitoring methods to reveal the law of acoustic emission and temperature evolution during rock burst under the action of mining disturbance. The results show that the infrared imaging shows the temperature radiation zone (which can be divided into the low temperature boundary zone, the intermediate temperature transition zone and the high temperature center zone) during the hard rock burst; the rock burst undergoes elastic deformation and micro-rupture to rupture instability, The temperature of the middle temperature radiation zone gradually decreased and the AE energy rate showed a sustained increase. The dynamic evolution of the dynamic sound “sound-heat ” was essentially the thermoelastic effect and the frictional heat effect. This is of scientific significance for the safe mining of steeply-levered, ultra-thick coal seams.