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火车车厢小弯梁板材用于车厢顶部位置以提高承载能力,由于成形过程受到非线性相互耦合作用影响,其变形机理非常复杂。本文针对火车车厢小弯梁板材利用LS-DYNA有限元平台进行了动态数值模拟,得到了成形过程中应力场量、成形极限图和板材减薄率分布规律,进而分析了板材成形中出现破裂和拉裂等的机理。同时,探讨了工艺参数(摩擦系数、凹模圆角)对火车车厢小弯梁板材成形力的影响关系,其结果可为火车车厢小弯梁板材模具设计者提供一定的理论参考和依据。
The small bent beam of the train compartment is used for the top position of the carriage to improve the bearing capacity. Because the forming process is affected by the nonlinear mutual coupling, the deformation mechanism is very complicated. In this paper, the finite element platform of LS-DYNA finite element software was used to simulate the bending of small bending steel sheets in railway wagons. The distribution of stress field, forming limit and sheet thinning rate were obtained during the forming process. Then, Cracking and other mechanisms. At the same time, the influence of process parameters (friction coefficient, die fillet) on the forming force of sheet metal of small bending beam in train compartment was discussed. The results could provide some theoretical references and basis for designers of sheet metal molds for small curved beam of railway wagon.