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目的:观测和分析7～9个月胎儿肾的大小和位置。方法:使用经防腐处理的7个月和9个月胎儿,胎龄从末次月经后两周计算,选出7个月胎儿40例(男19例、女21例),9个月胎儿40例(男19例,女21)。从背部暴露肾上、下极。用游标卡尺(精确度为0.2 mm)测量肾的位置。继后清除肾筋膜并游离肾,测量肾的大小,逐一记录。结果:(1)测得了左、右肾的长度、宽度和厚度,左肾长度和厚度稍大于右肾,右肾的宽度稍大于左肾。(2)肾的位置,以左肾高于右肾为多见,其中7个月左肾高于右肾的出现率为76.3%,9个月为71.0%。(3)测得了左、右肾上极、下极至后正中线距离。左、右肾上极距后正中线距离近于左、右肾下极。(4)肾下极至髂嵴的距离,左侧大于右侧。结论:胎儿肾的大小及位置测量分析,在临床上特别是产科有重要的意义。
Objective: To observe and analyze the size and location of fetal kidneys from 7 to 9 months. Methods: Forty-seven and nine-month-old fetuses with antiseptic treatment were enrolled. Forty fetuses of 7 months (19 males and 21 females) and 40 fetuses of 9 months were selected from two weeks after the last menstruation. (19 males and 21 females). Exposed from the back of the kidney, the lower pole. Measure the kidney using a vernier caliper (0.2 mm accuracy). Subsequent removal of renal fascia and free kidney, measuring the size of the kidney, one by one record. Results: (1) The length, width and thickness of the left and right kidneys were measured. The length and thickness of the left kidney were slightly larger than that of the right kidney. The width of the right kidney was slightly larger than that of the left kidney. (2) The location of the kidney is more common in the left kidney than in the right kidney, in which the incidence of left kidney higher than right kidney in 7 months is 76.3% and 71.0% in 9 months. (3) Measured the left and right kidney on the pole, the pole to the center line after the distance. Left and right kidney after the distance between the median line near the left and right kidney lower pole. (4) The distance between the inferior kidney to the iliac crest, left is greater than the right. Conclusion: The measurement and analysis of the size and location of fetal kidneys have important clinical significance, especially in obstetrics.