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国际教育成绩评估项目是自20世纪中期逐渐兴起的众多中小学教育成绩评估项目的总称。从IMSAA、ICCS到PISA的国际教育成绩评估项目的实施,不仅是为了比较各国学生的学业成绩,更是为了各国教育改革政策提供事实性依据。特别是国际教育成绩评估项目增加了CIPP模式背景评价环节的背景测试,通过对学生社会经济、文化阶层的因素的考量来分析教育的改进之道。在我国“中考”体制改革过程中,借鉴国际教育成绩评估项目的背景测试环节可以帮助改革者通过考试内容了解学生的认知规律,进一步通过考试成绩的分配方案测量学生的发展度,抑或通过考试政策的设计为弱势人群子女提供教育机会均等的制度性保障,以促进教育的合理、均衡发展。
The International Education Grading Assessment Project is a collective term for many primary and secondary education achievement assessment programs that have been gradually emerging since the mid-20th century. From the IMSAA, ICCS to PISA’s implementation of the international education achievement assessment project, not only to compare the academic performance of students in various countries, but also to provide factual basis for education reform policies in various countries. In particular, the international education achievement assessment program adds a background test of CIPP model background evaluation and analyzes the improvement of education through the consideration of students’ socio-economic and cultural stratification. In the course of the system reform of China’s senior high school entrance examination system, it is helpful for reformers to understand the students ’cognitive rules through examinations and to further measure the students’ development degree through the test scores distribution scheme by referring to the background test of the international education achievement assessment program. Through the design of examinations and policies, we should provide the vulnerable children with institutional guarantees of equal educational opportunity so as to promote the rational and balanced development of education.