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全球金融危机爆发以来,曾备受诟病的贸易保护主义成为各国赖以应对危机的重要手段。为此,以促进贸易自由为主旨的WTO多边贸易体制努力调动各项机制,意图在应对危机和遏制贸易保护浪潮方面作出有效的贡献,但却明显有心无力、困顿重重:谈判机制因多哈谈判重启的一再拖延而无法奏效;政策评审机制因监督不力而陷入被动、失灵境地;争端解决机制也因成员方依赖度下降而建树平平。究其原因,金融危机所致外部经济环境恶化固然是一个显见的因素,而WTO自身固有的弊端更是其应对乏力、机制失灵的深层次根源。对于与金融危机相伴生的贸易保护主义,WTO现行体制或者完全不具备应有的针对性,或者本来就欠缺约束效力,因而其短期摆脱困境的可能性很小。
Since the outbreak of the global financial crisis, much-criticized trade protectionism has become an important means by which all countries rely on the crisis. To this end, the multilateral trade system based on the principle of freedom of trade has made every effort to mobilize the various mechanisms with the intention of making effective contributions in coping with the crisis and curbing the tide of trade protection. However, it has obviously felt helpless and inundated: the negotiation mechanism was restarted due to the Doha Round of Negotiations Repeated delays and failed to work; policy review mechanism due to inadequate supervision into a passive, failure; dispute settlement mechanism also because members of the dependence on the decline and found mediocre. The reason is that although the deterioration of the external economic environment caused by the financial crisis is obviously a factor, the inherent drawbacks of the WTO are even its root causes for the lack of energy and the failure of mechanisms. As for the trade protectionism that accompanies the financial crisis, the existing WTO system either has no due pertinence or is inherently lacking in binding power. Therefore, it is highly unlikely that the current WTO system will get out of its predicament.