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目的了解南京市居民吸烟现况,探讨吸烟行为的影响因素。方法采取自行设计的调查问卷,在广场、医院、学校、社区等调查点抽取800名居民进行吸烟状况调查。结果调查的800人中吸烟率为28.3%,其中男性吸烟率(45.6%)高于女性(4.2%)。绝大多数吸烟者(91.6%)每日吸烟量不超过20支,男女性的每日吸烟量差异无统计学意义。男性开始吸烟的平均年龄(22.03±6.56)岁低于女性的平均年龄(28.93±10.15)岁。丧偶或离异者吸烟率最高,达51.9%。在吸烟者中戒烟3次及以上的人数占38.1%(86/226)。结论南京市居民吸烟率仍然很高,烟草控制仍然面临着巨大的挑战,应加大控烟力度,加强控烟法规的执行,开展多种形式的健康教育,才能有效降低居民吸烟率。
Objective To understand the smoking status of residents in Nanjing and to explore the influencing factors of smoking behavior. Methods A self-designed questionnaire was used to investigate the smoking status of 800 residents in the square, hospital, school and community survey sites. Results Among the 800 people surveyed, the prevalence of smoking was 28.3%, of which smoking was higher in men than in women (45.6%) (4.2%). The vast majority of smokers (91.6%) did not smoke more than 20 cigarettes daily, and there was no significant difference in the daily smoking among men and women. The mean age at onset of smoking in men (22.03 ± 6.56) years was lower than the mean age of women (28.93 ± 10.15 years). The highest rate of smoking was widowed or divorced, reaching 51.9%. The number of smokers who quit smoking three times or more accounted for 38.1% (86/226). Conclusion The smoking rate of residents in Nanjing is still very high. Tobacco control is still faced with enormous challenges. Tobacco control should be intensified, the implementation of tobacco control laws and regulations, and various forms of health education should be implemented to effectively reduce the smoking rate among residents.