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低接纳儿童(low—accepted children)易在后期适应中出现问题,换句话说,儿童期的同伴关系障碍(peer—relationship disturbes)能够预测后期的适应问题。这个假设多次出现在有关儿童社会性发展的文献中。本文将用已有的研究结果检验预测源:接纳性、攻击行为、羞怯/退缩行为和被预测者;即退学、犯罪、精神病之间的关系,以此说明假设是否得到证实。一、退学在美国,进入学校的儿童每5个就有一个退学,其中三分之一早在八年级以前就离开了学校。退学的原因很多,但多数是为了逃避学习上遭受的挫折。我们搜集到在这一领域进行的研究共39项。被试包括学校儿童(37项)和临床儿童(低接纳儿童和有异常行为的儿童,2项)。在所有研究中,较典型的是先在五、六年级进行
Low-accepted children tend to have problems with late-stage adaptation; in other words, peer-relationship disturbances in childhood can predict later adaptation problems. This assumption appears many times in the literature on the social development of children. In this paper, the hypothesis will be tested by using the existing research results to test whether the sources of prediction are: acceptability, aggression, shyness / withdrawal behavior and predictors; that is, the relationship between dropout, crime and mental illness. First, drop-out In the United States, every five out of school children dropped out of school, of which one third as early as the eighth grade left the school. There are many reasons for dropping out of school, but most are to avoid the setbacks in learning. We have collected 39 studies conducted in this area. Subjects included school children (37 items) and clinical children (children with low acceptance and children with unusual behavior, 2 items). In all studies, it is typical to do it in grades five and six