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目的了解职业院校在校生吸烟现状及影响因素,以便制定相应的对策,减少学生吸烟行为的发生。方法采用分层整群抽样方法,利用自行设计的调查表,对某职业院校442名在校生进行问卷调查。结果442名被调查者吸烟率为35.97%,男性为46.3%,女性为8.3%,差异有统计学意义(P<0.05);吸烟人群中,经常吸烟者占75.5%,偶尔吸烟者占8.2%,尝试吸烟者占16.3%。学生的吸烟行为受父母、周围同学及老师的影响(P<0.05)。吸烟者与非吸烟者在对吸烟相关知识的认知方面差异有统计学意义(P<0.05)。多因素分析结果显示,男性、周围父母、同学吸烟、压力、焦虑等是吸烟的危险因素。结论职业院校在校生吸烟率较高,对吸烟危害缺乏全面认识,在职业院校应针对学生的心理特点,尤其对学生吸烟行为的危险因素进行重点干预。
Objective To understand the status quo and influencing factors of smoking among students in vocational schools in order to make corresponding countermeasures to reduce the occurrence of smoking behavior among students. Methods A stratified cluster sampling method was used to survey 442 students in a vocational college with self-designed questionnaires. Results The smoking rate of 442 respondents was 35.97%, 46.3% for males and 8.3% for females, the difference was statistically significant (P <0.05). Of the smokers, the frequent smokers accounted for 75.5% and the occasional smokers accounted for 8.2% , 16.3% were trying to smoke. Students’ smoking behavior was influenced by parents, surrounding students and teachers (P <0.05). Smoking and non-smokers in smoking knowledge related to the difference was statistically significant (P <0.05). Multivariate analysis showed that smoking, stress, anxiety were the risk factors for smoking among men, parents around and students. Conclusion Higher smoking prevalence rate among students in vocational schools lacks a comprehensive understanding of the hazards of smoking. Vocational schools should focus on the psychological characteristics of students, especially the risk factors of student smoking behavior.