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目的通过对上岗前职业健康检查资料的分析,了解河池市有色金属企业劳动者就业前的身体健康状况,为制定职业病防治策略及岗前择业提供参考依据。方法对该市近5年来6家有色金属企业10 972人上岗前的职业健康检查资料进行统计分析,并对各年度的检查情况、职业禁忌证、疑似职业病和其他疾病或异常结果的检出情况进行比较。结果上岗前职业健康检查人数呈逐年上升的趋势,5年职业禁忌证检出986人,检出率为8.98%;铅作业职业禁忌证检出率较高,为3.65%;疑似职业病共检出18人,检出率0.16%;其他疾病和单项(多项)指标异常检出3 083人,检出率28.10%;所检项目未见异常人数6 885人,占总检人数的62.75%。结论该市有色金属企业工人就业前的身体健康状况不容乐观,相关部门应加强对厂矿企业的监督管理和职业卫生知识及相关法律、法规的培训宣传工作,督促用人单位主动安排即将从事接触职业病危害因素作业的劳动者进行上岗前的健康检查。
Objective To understand the health status of laborers in non-ferrous metals before employment in Hechi City by analyzing the occupational health check-ups before appointment, and to provide a reference for formulating prevention strategies and pre-job careers in occupational diseases. Methods The occupational health examination data of 10 972 pre-job workers from 6 non-ferrous metal enterprises in the city in the recent 5 years were statistically analyzed. The inspection conditions, occupational contraindications, suspected occupational diseases and other diseases or abnormal results in each year were also analyzed Compare. Results Before the job, the number of occupational health examination showed an upward trend year by year. The number of occupational contraindications in 5 years was 986, with a detection rate of 8.98%. The prevalence of occupational contraindications in lead was 3.65%, and suspected occupational diseases were detected 18 people, the detection rate of 0.16%; other diseases and single (multiple) indicators of anomaly detected 3 083 people, the detection rate of 28.10%; seized items without exception, the number of 6 885, accounting for 62.75% of the total number of seized. Conclusion The health status of workers in non-ferrous metals enterprises before employment in the city is not optimistic. Relevant departments should strengthen their training and publicity on the supervision and management of factories and mines, knowledge of occupational health and relevant laws and regulations, urge the employing units to arrange for the forthcoming occupational hazards The laborers who work on the factors perform pre-appointment health checkups.