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《初中中国历史》教科书第一册的第三章讲中国奴隶社会的瓦解,第四章讲中国封建社会的形成。把两章教材联系起来看,其中心问题是中国社会由奴隶制怎样过渡到封建制。这一问题是全册教材中的重点问题,也是学生较难理解而教师较难讲清的问题。就我的体会,我认为这一过渡过程的基本线索是:春秋战国时期,生产力有了新的发展,促使了井田制的瓦解,新的社会制度——封建制逐渐成长起来。奴隶、农民跟奴隶主贵族间激烈的阶级斗争,加速了封建社会形成的步伐。随着地主阶级经济实力的雄厚,他们要求政治上的权力和地位。
The third chapter of the first book of junior high school history in China teaches the disintegration of the slave society in China and the fourth chapter talks about the formation of the feudal society in China. Linking the two chapters of teaching materials, the central issue is how to make the transition from slavery to feudalism in Chinese society. This issue is the focus of the whole book teaching materials, but also difficult to understand the students and teachers more difficult to clarify the issue. In my experience, I think the basic clues to this transitional process are: During the Spring and Autumn Period and the Warring States Period, the new development of productivity brought about the collapse of the well field system and the new social system - the feudal system gradually grew up. The intense class struggle between slaves, peasants and slave-owners aristocrats accelerated the formation of feudal society. With the strong economic power of the landlord class, they demanded political power and status.