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细菌形成的生物被膜,可保护细菌不易被抗生素杀死,这给临床上相应疾病的治疗及医疗器械的消毒带来极大困难。研究表明,噬菌体及其裂解酶对生物被膜有降解作用。噬菌体能清除细菌在有生物活性或无生物活性的介质表面形成的生物被膜。此外,噬菌体裂解酶比如Ly SMP、肽酶CHAPk、细胞壁溶解酶CWHs等能清除特定的生物被膜,这可能与裂解酶直接溶菌和裂解细菌细胞外基质有关。同时,与抗生素、钴离子、氯等物质联合使用时,噬菌体对生物被膜的清除作用会更强。本文从噬菌体、噬菌体编码的裂解酶、以及它们联合其他物质对细菌生物被膜的作用进行综述,并对其实际应用做了展望。
The biofilm formed by bacteria can protect the bacteria from being killed by antibiotics, which brings great difficulties to the treatment of the corresponding diseases in clinic and the disinfection of medical instruments. Studies have shown that phage and its lytic enzymes degradation of biofilms. Bacteriophages remove bacterial biofilms formed on biologically active or non-biologically active surfaces. In addition, bacteriophage lyases such as Ly SMP, peptidase CHAPk, and cell wall lyase CWHs are able to remove specific biofilms, which may be due to lytic lysates and lysis of bacterial extracellular matrix. At the same time, with antibiotics, cobalt ions, chlorine and other substances when used in combination, phage removal of biofilms will be stronger. In this paper, we review the role of bacteriophages and bacteriophage-encoded lytic enzymes and their combination with other substances on bacterial biofilms and prospect their applications.