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随着国际对外贸易运输的发展和需要,各沿海国家都在发展和壮大本国的远洋船队,海上运输日趋发展。海商法是调整海上运输及船舶有关的各种法律关系的法规总称。因此,海商法同其它法律一样有它的主体和客体,海商法的主体仍然是指海上运输中及与船舶有关的各种关系的、享有权利与承担义务的法人和自然人,它的客体是指海上运输的劳务所产生的权利和义务所指向的行为或物(即船舶和货物等)。根据海商法调整的主要法律关系,我们就可以明确了海上运输使用船舶而发生了船舶物权的法律关系,例如船舶所有权、船舶抵押权、留置权等问题。由于经营船舶而发生了运输合同中的法律关系,例如:通过货物、旅客行李和运输而制定运输契约以及通过
With the development and needs of international foreign trade and transportation, all coastal countries are developing and expanding their own ocean-going fleets, and maritime transport is developing day by day. Maritime law is a general term for regulating the various legal relations relating to maritime transport and shipping. Therefore, maritime law, like other laws, has its subject and object. The body of maritime law still refers to both legal persons and natural persons who have rights and obligations in maritime transportation and various ship-related relationships. Its object is Acts or things (that is, ships and goods, etc.) to which the rights and obligations arising from services rendered by sea are directed. According to the main legal relations regulated by maritime law, we can clarify the legal relationship of the ship’s property rights arising from the use of ships by sea, such as the ownership of ships, the mortgage of ships and the liens. The legal relationship in the contract of carriage has occurred as a result of the operation of the ship, for example, the development of a transport contract by means of goods, passenger baggage and transport and the passing of