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目的:探讨微细血流成像(MVFI)联合高频超声对儿童A型血友病性关节病(HAA)的评估价值。方法:回顾性研究。收集2018年10月至2020年10月郑州大学第一附属医院收治的82例临床确诊为HAA患儿，对所有患儿肘关节、膝关节及踝关节行超声检查。统计高频超声检查结果，记录滑膜增厚关节数，分别用MVFI、能量多普勒(PDUS)对增厚滑膜进行血流检测，并对血流信号进行半定量评分。采用n χ2检验及独立的多组有序多分类秩和检验比较MVFI、PDUS对增厚滑膜血流显示差异。n 结果:共254个关节受累，滑膜增厚188个，关节腔积液146个，纤维隔膜66个，软骨改变63个，含铁血黄素沉积45个，骨侵蚀25个，骨赘形成15个，骨重建8个。对滑膜增厚程度分级，其中以处于Ⅱ级的关节居多。增厚滑膜PDUS、MVFI血流显示率分别为52.66%、70.21%，两成像方式间，增厚滑膜血流显示差异有统计学意义(n χ2＝12.225，n P<0.05)；增厚滑膜内MVFI分级0级、Ⅰ级关节数均少于PDUS，但Ⅱ级、Ⅲ级关节数均多于PDUS，PDUS与MVFI血流分级间差异有统计学意义(n H＝21.158，n P<0.05)，MVFI较PDUS可更敏感地显示增厚滑膜血流状况。n 结论:MVFI能敏感地探测儿童HAA增厚滑膜血流，高频超声联合MVFI技术在评估HAA中具有一定的应用价值。“,”Objective:To explore the application of microvascular flow imaging (MVFI) combined with high-frequency ultrasonography in children with haemophilic arthropathy A (HAA).Methods:Retrospective study.A total of 82 children diagnosed with HAA in the First Affiliated Hospital of Zhengzhou University from October 2018 to October 2020 were recruited.The elbow, knee and ankle joints of each child were examined by high-frequency ultrasonography.The numbers of thickened synovial joints were recorded.Blood flow signals of the thickening of synovial joints was checked by the MVFI and power Doppler ultrasound (PDUS), respectively.Color flow signals were graded by the semi-quantitative scoring systems.The n chi-n square test and independent multi-group ordinal multi-category rank-sum test were used to compare the differences of MVFI and PDUS in the display of thickened synovial blood flow.n Results:A total of 254 joints were involved in 82 children with HAA, including synovial hypertrophy in 188 joints, hydrops articuli in 146 joints, fibrotic septa in 66 joints, cartilage damage in 63 joints, haemosider indeposition in 45 joints, bone erosion in 25 joints, osteophytes in 15 joints and bone remodeling in 8 joints.Grade Ⅱ synovial thickened joints were the most common.The proportion of blood flow signals detected by PDUS in thickened synovial membranes was significantly higher than that detected MVFI (52.66% n vs.70.21%, n χ2=12.225, n P<0.05). Numbers of grade 0 and Ⅰ joints with thickened synovial membranes detected by MVFI were less than those of PDUS, while the opposite result was obtained in detecting grade Ⅱ and Ⅲ joints (n H=21.158, n P<0.05). Compared with PDUS, MVFI more sensitively visualized the blood flow of the thickened synovial membrane.n Conclusions:MVFI can more prominently detect the thickened synovial blood flow in children with HAA.A combined application of MVFI and high-frequency ultrasonography contributes to the evaluation of children with HAA.