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为了探究生物炭输入后农田地表反照率及土壤温度与土壤湿度的响应,通过田间小区试验,分析生物炭影响下农田地表反照率、土壤温度、土壤湿度的变化情况.试验共设置3个主处理——CK处理(不施用生物炭)、BC5处理〔生物炭施用量为0.5kg/(m2·a)〕、BC45处理〔生物炭施用量为4.5 kg/(m2·a)〕,同时每个主处理设置2个副处理——种植作物(以+表示)和未种植作物(以-表示).结果表明:在有作物覆盖条件下,相对于CK+处理,BC45+、BC5+处理的地表反照率在玉米苗期分别下降23.1%、19.1%(P<0.05),在玉米拔节期分别下降20.0%、15.1%(P<0.05),但在玉米抽穗期至成熟期,各处理的地表反照率无明显差异.BC5+、BC45+处理的土壤温度、土壤湿度与CK+处理相比均未见显著改变.在未种植作物条件下,相对于CK-处理,BC45-、BC5-处理的地表反照率最大降幅分别为26.7%、24.3%(P<0.05),BC5-处理的土壤湿度增幅为1.7%~3.8%,BC45-处理的土壤温度、土壤湿度无显著变化.可见,随着玉米冠层结构的发展,生物炭输入降低地表反照率的效应在逐渐减弱甚至消失;生物炭输入对土壤温度、土壤湿度的影响程度与作物覆盖条件以及生物炭施用量有关.
In order to explore the responses of farmland surface albedo and soil temperature to soil moisture after the input of biochar, the changes of farmland albedo, soil temperature and soil moisture under the influence of biochar were analyzed through field plot experiments. Three main treatments - BC treatment (no biochar applied), BC5 treatment [biochar application rate 0.5 kg / (m2 · a)], BC45 treatment [biochar application rate 4.5 kg / (m2 · a)], The main treatment set up two sub-treatments-planting crops (+) and un-planting crops (-s). The results showed that the surface albedo of BC45 + and BC5 + Maize seedling stage decreased by 23.1%, 19.1% (P <0.05) and decreased by 20.0% and 15.1% (P <0.05) at the jointing stage of corn, respectively. However, there was no significant difference in the surface albedo between heading stage and mature stage The differences of soil temperature and soil moisture of BC5 + and BC45 + treatments did not change significantly compared with that of CK + treatments.Under the condition of planting crops, the maximum decrease of BC45- and BC5-treated surface albedo were 26.7% and 24.3%, respectively (P <0.05). The BC5-treated soil moisture increased by 1% .7% ~ 3.8%, BC45-treated soil temperature and soil moisture showed no significant changes. It can be seen that with the development of corn canopy structure, the effect of biochar input to reduce surface albedo diminishes or even disappears. The influence of soil temperature and soil moisture is related to crop cover conditions and the amount of biochar applied.