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1958年在用红豆浸出液——植物血凝素(PHA)来分离红细胞的过程中,意外地发现这种处理培养的淋巴细胞成堆地出现有丝分裂。这种有丝分裂前淋巴细胞呈淋巴母细胞样表现:体积增大,胞浆嗜硷性增加,核仁变大、增多,胞浆内有小空泡。之后,将这一试验称为淋巴细胞转化形成试验(LTT)。刺激淋巴细胞转化的致有丝分裂因子(mitogen)有特异的和非特异的。很多细菌、病毒和化学物质能作为特异性刺激原(抗原),当患者的细胞被相应抗原致敏后在体外通过LTT可证明它的致敏作用。长期以来认为这种反应必须是T细胞致敏,LTT和体内结核菌素或湿疹型反应的一致性证实了这一论点。然而在I型变态反应的花粉过敏者或荨麻疹型青霉素过敏者,用相应变应原测试
In 1958, red blood cells were isolated from red blood leachate phytohaemagglutinin (PHA) and unexpectedly found that the lymphocytes cultured in this manner appeared to be in piles of mitosis. This pre-mitotic lymphoblastoid lymphoblastic-like performance: increased volume, cytoplasmic alkalosis increased, larger nucleoli, increased cytoplasm with small vacuoles. Later, this test is called Lymphocyte Transformation Formation Test (LTT). Mitogen, which stimulates lymphocyte transformation, is specific and nonspecific. Many bacteria, viruses and chemicals can act as specific stimuli (antigens), proving their sensitization by LTT in vitro when the patient’s cells are sensitized with the corresponding antigen. This response has long been thought to be sensitized by T cells, as evidenced by the agreement between LTT and tuberculin or eczema responses in vivo. However, in type I allergic pollen allergy or urticaria-type penicillin allergy, with the corresponding allergen test