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支气管舒张状态下内径<2mm的气道称为小气道。因小气道分支多,横截面积大,气流阻力小,故早期小气道病变临床无症状,常规肺功能检查多不能发现。小气道病与慢性阻塞性肺疾病(COPD)有密切关系,它常是后者的早期阶段。1968年Hogg描述小气道病变为炎症、狭窄和粘液栓引起,认为此种病变伴有慢性气流限制。后来Buist进一步阐明,小气道炎症反应、杯状细胞增生、炎性细胞浸润及结缔组织增生,是小气道病变的主要病理改变。Cosio等对36例局限性肺疾病
Bronchus diastolic state diameter <2mm airway called small airway. Due to small branches of small airways, large cross-sectional area, airflow resistance is small, so early clinical symptoms of small airways disease, routine pulmonary function tests can not be found. Small airways disease and chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD) are closely related, it is often the early stages of the latter. In 1968 Hogg described small airways lesions as inflammation, stenosis, and mucus plug that were believed to be associated with chronic airflow limitations. Later, Buist further clarified that small airway inflammation, goblet cell proliferation, inflammatory cell infiltration and connective tissue proliferation, is the main pathological changes of small airway disease. Cosio and other 36 cases of pulmonary disease