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一、引言水分平衡研究作为地表、地下水资源评价的依据之一,在水利水电工程建设中具有重要意义。以前有些人曾就某些地区或某个流域作过有益的探讨;刘国纬则计算了全国多年平均水汽通量,建立了水分平衡模型[1]。但系统地研究各大流域水汽净输送及水分平衡特点尚很少见。本文利用1983年夏季全国探空资料,对全国及各大水系水分平衡及水汽净量进行初步探讨,以期了解各水系、各地区之间不同的分布特点,并为今后多年平均水分平衡计算作一准备。
I. INTRODUCTION As one of the bases of surface and groundwater resources evaluation, the study of water balance is of great significance in the construction of water conservancy and hydropower projects. In the past, some people had made useful discussions about certain areas or a river basin; Liu Guwei calculated the national average water vapor flux over the years and established a water balance model [1]. However, it is very rare to systematically study the net water vapor transport and water balance in major river basins. Based on the national sounding data of summer 1983, this paper discussed the water balance and the net amount of water vapor in all the major water systems in China in order to understand the different distribution characteristics among different water systems and different regions and to make a calculation for the average water balance in the future ready.