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近年来,有机-无机钙钛矿太阳能电池得到了迅猛的发展,其光电转化效率从2009年的3.8%提高至2014年底的20%左右.本文首先介绍了有机-无机钙钛矿材料的光学和电学特性,以及钙钛矿电池的结构和组成.随后,重点列举了一些制备有机-无机钙钛矿层的新颖、简洁、有效的方法,以及这些制备方法对钙钛矿层的形貌和电池性能产生的影响.此外,总结了对钙钛矿材料本身的修饰,包括对有机官能团的调控和对卤素的选择,及其对晶体结构和电池工作情况的影响.同时,归纳了几种无铅钙钛矿在用作太阳能电池中的吸光剂时的优劣性.最后,我们探讨了提高钙钛矿电池的光电转化效率的方向,以及提高其稳定性的解决方法.
In recent years, organic-inorganic perovskite solar cells have been developed rapidly, and their photoelectric conversion efficiency increased from 3.8% in 2009 to about 20% by the end of 2014. This paper first introduced the organic-inorganic perovskite material optical and The electrical properties, and the structure and composition of the perovskite cell.Next, some new, simple and effective methods for preparing organic-inorganic perovskite layers are highlighted, and the preparation methods have been applied to the morphology and cell performance of perovskite layers In addition, the modification of the perovskite material itself was summarized, including the regulation of organic functional groups and the choice of halogen, as well as its influence on the crystal structure and cell performance.At the same time, some lead-free calcium titanium The pros and cons of the mine when used as a light absorber in solar cells Finally, we explored ways to improve the photoelectric conversion efficiency of perovskite cells and how to improve their stability.