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脓毒症是全球范围内的一种高发病率和高病死率疾病。免疫细胞代谢变化在脓毒症病理生理机制中具有重要意义。缺氧诱导因子（HIF）不仅是缺氧适应性反应的主要调节因子，在脓毒症时免疫细胞糖酵解、磷酸戊糖途径等代谢通路的调控中也发挥着重要作用。目前的研究表明，模式识别受体、转录因子、某些代谢副产物及激酶等均可对HIF活性或其参与的细胞代谢产生不同程度的影响。本文通过对HIF及其信号通路在脓毒症免疫细胞代谢变化中的作用与调控机制进行综述，以期开发脓毒症诊断及治疗的新途径。“,”Sepsis remains a global disease with high morbidity and mortality. The changes of immune cell metabolism are of great significance in the pathophysiology of sepsis. Hypoxia-inducible factor (HIF) is not only a major regulator of hypoxic adaptive response, but also plays an important role in metabolic pathways such as glycolysis and pentose phosphate pathway of immune cells in sepsis. Current studies have found that pattern recognition receptors, transcription factors, certain metabolic byproducts and kinases all have varying degrees of influence on HIF activity or the cell metabolism involved. This review introduces the role and regulatory mechanism of HIF pathway in the metabolic changes of sepsis immune cells, so as to develop new approaches for the diagnosis and treatment of sepsis in the future.