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本文公布了在内燃机研究协会(FVV)研究课题的进程中,在高的升高速度下,零部件的应力试验情况。试验工作是在一台MTU331型单缸柴油机上进行的。试验中进行了活塞、活塞销、连杆、气缸盖和缸盖螺栓上的变形测量。连杆轴承应力,是借助模拟计算和在发动机运转时直接测量连杆轴承轨迹及油膜间隙压力得到的。在零部件上所进行的位移测量,给出了有关活塞和活塞环状态的信息。本文论述了连杆轴承的变形测量和试验研究的结果。其次探讨了活塞和活塞环的状态。应变测量表明,连杆随dp/dt作用而激励纵向振动。这种振动的振幅如此之大,不仅导致活塞、活塞销的振动变形,而且还由于连杆长度的变化,在示波图上显示出活塞有沿气缸轴线方向的运动。对于连杆轴承位移轨迹,在高dp/dt值下不发生变化,而油隙压力则相反,主要对于连杆振动有极明显的反作用。这会导致油膜间隙压力的快速交变,甚至会处于产生空穴现象的状态。
This paper presents the stress testing of parts and components at a high rate of rise during the course of the study of the Engine Research Society (FVV). The test was carried out on an MTU 331 single cylinder diesel engine. Deformation measurements were taken on the piston, piston pin, connecting rod, cylinder head and head bolt during the test. Connecting rod bearing stress is calculated by means of simulation and direct measurement of connecting rod bearing tracks and oil film gap pressure when the engine is running. Displacement measurements on the part give information on the state of the piston and piston rings. This article discusses the results of the deformation measurement and experimental study of the connecting rod bearing. Second, the piston and piston rings are discussed. Strain measurements show that the connecting rod excites the longitudinal vibration as a function of dp / dt. The amplitude of such vibrations is so great that not only results in vibration and deformation of the piston and piston pins but also on the oscillogram as the piston moves in the direction of the cylinder axis due to changes in the length of the link. For the connecting rod bearing displacement trajectory, there is no change under the high dp / dt value, but the oil pressure is the opposite, which is the most obvious reaction to the connecting rod vibration. This can result in rapid pressure changes across the gap in the oil film, even in the cavitation conditions.