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将无外界动力源的主动悬架在半主动模式下吸收平均功率与在主动模式下消耗平均功率的绝对值比作为能量可用性的评价指标,分析了优化PID与LQG控制主动悬架的性能与能量可用性。针对某重型汽车的1/4车主动悬架模型,设计了PID与LQG控制器。当悬架阻尼比为0.1时,以悬架二次型性能指标为目标函数,利用遗传算法对PID控制器参数进行了优化。发现优化PID控制主动悬架的二次型性能指标较LQG控制主动悬架大3.32%,优化PID与LQG控制主动悬架的能量可用性评价指标分别为17.15和226.33。分析结果表明:LQG控制主动悬架的性能略优于优化PID控制主动悬架;2种主动悬架均满足能量可用性要求,且LQG控制主动悬架的能量可用性远优于优化PID控制主动悬架。
The absolute ratio of the average power absorbed by the active suspension without external power source in the semi-active mode and the average power consumed in the active mode is taken as the evaluation index of the energy availability, and the performance and energy of the optimized active-suspension with PID and LQG are analyzed Usability. For a 1/4-car active suspension model of a heavy vehicle, PID and LQG controllers are designed. When the damping ratio of the suspension is 0.1, the quadratic performance index of the suspension is taken as the objective function, and the parameters of the PID controller are optimized by genetic algorithm. It is found that the quadratic performance index of optimized PID control active suspension is 3.32% larger than that of LQG active suspension, and the energy availability evaluation indexes of optimized PID and LQG active suspension are 17.15 and 226.33, respectively. The results show that the performance of LQG control active suspension is slightly better than that of optimal PID control active suspension. Both of the two kinds of active suspension satisfy the energy availability requirements, and the energy availability of LQG active suspension is far better than that of the optimized PID control active suspension .