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目的了解泰安市40岁及以上年龄中老年居民心脑血管疾病死亡水平和分布特征,为制定防治策略提供依据。方法采用随机整群抽样和回顾性调查方法,对抽取的200余万居民2002-2004年死亡病例进行调查登记,应用ICD-10进行死因编码,采用SPSS13.0对资料进行统计分析。结果调查地区40岁及以上中老年居民3年间心脑血管疾病累计死亡21 499例,年均死亡率为740.78/10万,标化死亡率为736.85/10万。男性标化死亡率为810.89/10万,女性为672.45/10万,男性明显高于女性。不同年龄组死亡率以40~岁最低(66.48/10万),随年龄增长呈持续升高趋势,75~岁以上年龄达高峰(4589.09/10万)。缺血性心脏病和脑血管疾病为心脑血管疾病前两位死因,分别占总死亡的45.13%和27.96%,急性心肌梗死、慢性缺血性心脏病、脑内出血和脑梗死为主要死因病种,合计占总死亡的70.85%。结论泰安市中老年居民心脑血管疾病死亡水平较高,脑血管疾病、缺血性心脏病是主要死因,应根据疾病人群分布特点采取针对性预防控制措施。
Objective To understand the cardiovascular disease mortality and distribution in middle-aged and elderly residents aged 40 years and over in Tai’an City, and to provide basis for prevention and treatment strategies. Methods Randomized cluster sampling and retrospective investigation methods were used to investigate and record the deaths of more than 2 million residents from 2002 to 2004. The cause of death was coded by ICD-10, and the data were analyzed by SPSS13.0. Results A total of 21 499 cardiovascular and cerebrovascular diseases were reported in the elderly aged 40 and over in the survey area, with an annual average mortality rate of 740.78 / 100,000 and a standardized mortality rate of 736.85 / 100,000. Male standardized mortality rate was 810.89 / 100000, 672.45 / 100000 women, men were significantly higher than women. Mortality rates of different age groups were the lowest (40.49 / 100 000) at the age of 40 years, with the increasing trend of age, and the highest age at the age of 75 ~ 45 years (4589.09 / 100000). Ischemic heart disease and cerebrovascular disease are the first two causes of cardiovascular and cerebrovascular diseases, accounting for 45.13% and 27.96% of the total death respectively. The main causes of death are acute myocardial infarction, chronic ischemic heart disease, intracerebral hemorrhage and cerebral infarction Species, together accounted for 70.85% of the total deaths. Conclusion The death rate of cardiovascular and cerebrovascular diseases of middle-aged and elderly residents in Tai’an is high. Cerebrovascular disease and ischemic heart disease are the major causes of death. Targeted preventive and control measures should be taken according to the distribution of disease population.