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目的:探讨薏苡茎、叶的水提物和乙醇提物对小鼠的急性毒性反应,测定半数致死量LD50及最大耐受量(MTD)。方法:实验前禁食不禁水16 h,SPF级KM小鼠74只,雌雄各半,分提取物组和空白对照组;灌胃,定时密切观察,记录毒性反应和死亡情况。若有小鼠死亡,则将死亡小鼠解剖,肉眼观察心、肝、脾、肺、肾、脑、胃、小肠等脏器变化,14 d观察期结束后,将每组存活的小鼠处死进行解剖,按照上述同样方法对主要脏器大体病理变化进行肉眼观察。结果:小鼠未出现明显的中毒症状,亦未出现死亡。结论:小鼠对薏苡的叶水提物(叶水提),叶乙醇提物(叶醇提),茎水提物(茎水提),茎乙醇提物(茎醇提)的最大耐受量分别是42.08,34.80,39.52,32.64 g·kg-1,均>5 g·kg-1,由此可见叶水提、叶醇提、茎水提、茎醇提在季度试验提示该药是较安全的。
OBJECTIVE: To investigate the acute toxicity of water extract and ethanol extract of stem and leaf of Coix transplanted to the mice and to determine the LD50 and the maximum tolerated dose (MTD). Methods: Before the experiment, fasting could not be stopped for 16 h, 74 SPF KM mice were divided into two groups, male and female, divided into extract group and blank control group. Gavage was observed regularly and the toxicity and death were recorded. If the mice died, the dead mice were dissected and the changes of heart, liver, spleen, lung, kidney, brain, stomach, small intestine and other organs were visually observed. After the 14 d observation period, the surviving mice in each group were sacrificed Anatomy, according to the same method as above, the gross pathological changes of major organs were observed macroscopically. Results: The mice showed no obvious symptoms of poisoning and no deaths occurred. CONCLUSION: The mice are the most tolerant to leaf water extract (leaf water extract), leaf ethanol extract (leaf alcohol extract), stem water extract (stem water extract) and stem ethanol extract (stem alcohol extract) of Coix lachryma - jobi The results showed that the water extract, leaf alcohol extract, stem water extract and ethanol extract in the quarterly test indicated that the drug was 42.08, 34.80, 39.52 and 32.64 g · kg-1, all of which were> 5 g · kg- Safer