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采用紫外(UV)光引发法合成了高吸水树脂聚丙烯酸(钠),吸蒸馏水倍率4100g/g,吸盐水(质量分数0.9%的NaCl溶液)倍率达405g/g。并用傅里叶变换红外光谱(FTIR)和热重分析(TG)对其进行了表征。通过室内模拟试验,探讨了砂土和溶液中水量、时间、pH值、温度、肥料对聚丙烯酸钠吸液倍率的影响;通过盆栽试验进一步研究了聚丙烯酸钠对土壤保水性能及出苗影响。试验结果表明:(1)在砂土中,聚丙烯酸钠的吸液倍率比溶液中低,吸液饱和时间比溶液中长;(2)pH值(4～11),温度(20℃～70℃)对聚丙烯酸钠吸液倍率影响不大;(3)非电解质肥料对吸液倍率影响很小,电解质肥料对吸液倍率影响较大;(4)盆栽实验表明该聚丙烯酸钠对提高出苗率及土壤保水有很大改善。
Superabsorbent polyacrylate (sodium) was synthesized by ultraviolet (UV) photoinitiation method. The ratio of distilled water to distilled water was 4100g / g and the ratio of saline solution (NaCl solution with mass fraction of 0.9%) was 405g / g. It was characterized by Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy (FTIR) and thermogravimetric analysis (TG). Through indoor simulation test, the influence of water, time, pH value and temperature on the liquid absorption rate of sodium polyacrylate in sand and solution was discussed. The effects of sodium polyacrylate on soil water holding capacity and emergence were studied by pot experiment. The results showed that: (1) in the sand, sodium polyacrylate absorption rate lower than the solution, the suction saturation time longer than the solution; (2) pH (4 ~ 11), the temperature ℃) had little effect on the absorbency rate of sodium polyacrylate; (3) the non-electrolyte fertilizers had little effect on the absorbency rate and the electrolyte fertilizers had a great influence on the rate of aspiration; (4) Pot experiment showed that the polyacrylate sodium Rate and soil water conservation has greatly improved.