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第五节 经济协调活动的定位 上述各节描述了一系列广泛的可为发展中国家政府潜在运用的微观经济政策。本节的目的在于揭示这些政策的内在联系,以及它们适用的经济环境。 前文中,我们把亲善市场论与国家推进论之间的差别归纳为对市场与政府作用之间相互替代范围的理解的不同。这节将对“替代”的含义作更为深入的阐述:亲善市场论的观点强调协调问题应通过以市场为基础的制度加以解决,而国家推进论的观点则强调许多重要的协调问题应通过政府解决。两派观点认为市场和政府在经济协调活动的定位方面,是两种相互替代的制度安排。
Section 5 Positioning of Economic Coordination Activities The preceding sections described a broad range of microeconomic policies that could potentially be used by developing country governments. The purpose of this section is to reveal the intrinsic links between these policies and their applicable economic environment. In the previous section, we summed up the difference between the theory of goodwill and the theory of national promotion as the difference in the understanding of the range of substitution between market and government. This section will give a more in-depth explanation of the meaning of “substitution.” The view of goodwill-market theory emphasizes that coordination should be addressed through a market-based system whereas the view of national promotion emphasizes that many important coordination issues should be adopted Government to solve. Two viewpoints hold that the market and the government are two alternative institutional arrangements in the positioning of economic coordination activities.